Social responsibility is linked to the system of values and norms that regulate the individual's relationship with the group and direct his behavior toward observing shared rights and duties. It is rooted in the Islamic value system, which makes the individual accountable before God and society and establishes the principles of solidarity, justice, and benevolence. The structural-interpretive approach allows for studying this responsibility by analyzing the semantic relations that organize discourse and reveal the mechanisms of meaning construction. Arabic and Persian proverbs are particularly important for the accumulated experiences, cultural perceptions, and social values they transmit across generations. The research aims to identify the components of social responsibility and its Islamic values in Arabic and Persian proverbs, interpret their significations according to the structural-interpretive approach, and observe the points of convergence and divergence between them. The research adopted the descriptive-analytical method, analyzing the semantic structure of the selected proverbs and linking them to their social and cultural contexts. The research found that social responsibility in Arabic and Persian proverbs is embodied in an interconnected system of values and practices regulating the individual's relationship with the group: holding the individual accountable for the consequences of his actions, resorting to moral principles in directing behavior, enhancing cooperation and mutual support among society's members, organizing roles, safeguarding rights, and fulfilling obligations. These components acquire their significations from the structural relations linking behavior to its outcomes and clarifying the interaction between the individual and the group.