اسلام و دنیای معاصر

اسلام و دنیای معاصر

تحلیل فقهی معاملات الکترونیکی: همسوسازی با اصول اسلامی

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
پژوهشگرحوزوی، گروه فقه و اصول، سطح چهار، حوزه علمیه قم، قم، ایران.
چکیده
معاملات الکترونیکی، به‌عنوان یکی از پدیده‌های نوظهور در عصر معاصر، تغییرات چشمگیری در عرصه‌های اقتصادی و اجتماعی به همراه داشته‌اند. این معاملات که از طریق ابزارهای دیجیتال همچون اینترنت انجام می‌شوند، فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های متعددی را ایجاد کرده‌اند. از منظر فقه شیعه، ارزیابی مشروعیت و صحت این معاملات مستلزم بررسی دقیق اصول و قواعد شریعت است. مسائلی همچون ایجاب و قبول، مالکیت دیجیتال، و جواز استفاده از ارزهای دیجیتال در این زمینه به‌طور خاص مورد تحلیل قرار می‌گیرند. در این راستا، ابتدا مفاهیم کلیدی مانند ماهیت معاملات الکترونیکی و اصول کلی فقه معاملات اسلامی مورد بحث قرار می‌گیرد. سپس، مبانی فقهی از جمله ایجاب و قبول در محیط مجازی، ارزش مالی مورد معامله، و پایبندی به شرایط عمومی قراردادها بررسی می‌شود. پس از آن، چالش‌هایی نظیر ابهام (غرر) و مسائل حقوقی مرتبط با ارزهای دیجیتال تحلیل شده و راهکارهایی همچون شفافیت اطلاعات و اجتهاد پویا پیشنهاد می‌گردد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که با پایبندی به اصول صحیح در اعتبار معاملات و همسوسازی قواعد فقهی با نیازهای معاصر، بسیاری از مسائل فقهی مرتبط با معاملات الکترونیکی قابل حل خواهد بود. در نهایت، بهره‌گیری از اجتهاد پویا و تدوین مقررات فقهی متناسب با شرایط روز نقشی اساسی در رفع این چالش‌ها ایفا می‌کند
کلیدواژه‌ها
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